ENGLISH CORNER 3

ABYA YALA POST COLOMBIAN

Man has long sought spices, first to hunt insects (funeral rites), then in medicine, or as food preservatives, before being used as aromatics in the culinary arts. Their trade was based, at first, on barter, then gave rise to monetary exchanges. The term "pay in cash" comes from "pay in spices". Both words have the same Latin root: species, which in the plural means both "spices" and "goods". Spices enter modern history with the great navigators pushed by traders and princes to seek less expensive and safer sea routes than the routes of the "Silk Road". From this moment, spices will dominate Western navigation until the 19th century through the discoveries, the installation of counters and later colonies, the creation of the great Indian Companies and naval battles for the conquest of the lands. distant.



Christopher Columbus (in Spanish, Cristobal Colón) convinced the Spanish rulers to support him in his mad scheme to reach Spice Asia by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean. With their support and thanks to the material help of two shipowners, the Pinzón brothers, he was able to fit out a carrack, the Santa Maria, and two caravels, the Niña and the Pinta. His exhausted crews had taken from his expeditions nothing but frustration and bitterness. His companions had been jealous of him and had risen up against him. He had turned the Indians into brutally hunted slaves, for which he was much reproached. This New World, which as yet had neither name nor map, had known of European civilization only the greed and violence of the conquistadors.
FOLLOW THE LINK
https://ia601401.us.archive.org/33/items/abya-post-colombian/ABYA%20POST%20COLOMBIAN.pdf

PHILOSOPHY OF ABYA YALA



Nahua thinkers defended the need to seek a measured stride, a middle way associating being and living. Teotl is a key concept of Nahua thought: it is a power, an autonomous, dynamic energy, which engenders itself, which "vivifies the cosmos and what it contains", both immanent and transcendent. . According to the pantheistic Nahua view, which does not rank the world between celestial and terrestrial, life is essentially a movement of permanent maintenance of balance - knowing that the abyss is always a stride away. If we were to follow the advice of Nahua thinkers, we should act more carefully, constantly weighing the consequences of our words and actions on society. Truth (neltiliztli) is something that we must seek by being genuinely rooted in ourselves. It is now, more than ever, that it seems appropriate to think of our planet as a permanent recreation. Maybe it's time to stop thinking that we live in a stable world, created once and for all, a planet assembled four billion years ago. We could also consider that ourselves, and our actions, and each of our breaths, are so many parts of the continuous creation of the Earth - what the Maya could say.

In this way, we could see ourselves as co-creators, helping each other shape the world of tomorrow. This would perhaps be the best way to respond to the challenge of our global climate crisis, by uniting around a common objective that would materialize the need to think of ourselves as united. Because "the dawn is the same for all", we must consider all communities, all humans as "together linked and exposed as a unity before the light".
“How many communities / exist in the world today / however infinite the number of humans / The dawn is the same for all.”
FOLLOW THE LINK
https://ia801506.us.archive.org/9/items/philang-nahua/PHILang%20NAHUA.pdf

MAYAN ARITHMETIC - QUANTUM MATHEMATICS

Since our distant origins, the interpretation of the ancient world has always been associated with shamanism through artistic expression. (Sing, dance, draw) According to R. Hamayon, the shaman's visions are not spontaneous physiological phenomena, but cultural and symbolic manifestations typical of the moment of their expression. David S. Whitley, of the University of Los Angeles, established that Native American shamans drew visions that had appeared to them during their "dreams" on walls. Their contact with spirits gives the shaman special powers. Levels of the shamanic cosmos are accessible to shamans as they explore their altered states of consciousness to fulfill their various tasks. Access to your path of exploration is what anthropologists call “axis mundi”. This knowledge acquired in altered states of consciousness becomes raw material for potential cultural use. In the past, in some communities, shamans recounted their experiences in stories, songs, and myths; they are sometimes painted on perishable materials such as drum skins and clothing or on rock walls.


The conditions in which man lives force him to perceive a certain number of very specific visual phenomena of his environment, both intellectual and physical. These visual assets are true symbioses of cultural habits and customs, scientific knowledge, optical laws and perceptive intuitions, religious beliefs and even mythical illusions of a given society at a given time. As Riches rightly said, the shaman is the "creator of cosmology", the one inherent to his time.

The modern scientist, who interprets the Universe, life and of course the human being as a set of complex physical, chemical and physiological mechanisms, has allowed him to draw amazing conclusions, so amazing that they are incomprehensible. Increasingly, quantum logic realizes that there are potentially observable attributes in the Universe but that they have such a sum of paradigms that they are incalculable. Welcome to the world of magic. Therefore, there are until now two incomplete ways of approaching the Universe: Reason and Intuition. We can even affirm that Intuition comes to the aid of broken Reason, as if to "know" the Universe, our conscience also asks us to "feel" the Universe. We then think of two logical systems that face each other when it is not so, on the contrary: the paradoxical language of Intuition versus Reason does not take anything away from knowledge. The alliance between intuition and reason later led to the science of probability and the emergence of quantum equations. Except that, from equation to equation, physicists have stumbled upon the unexplained. The image of the Universe provided by both Intuition (primordial sensation) and Reason (primordial information) impels us to a random and symbolic world. And magic comes to the aid of reason by breakdown _ So what is magic? Any attempt to explain the visible world by unpredictable forces like quantum probability is magic, as is attempting an intuition-based explanation of the world like cave art. Unfortunately, it has always been tried to oppose reason and intuition, science and art when they are complementary from the point of view of the acquisition of knowledge. We are crossed by mysteries as neutrinos pass through matter. Prehistoric frescoes, Sumerian astronomy and Mayan mathematics, as well as contemporary quantum equations, are embedded in a space of magical consciousness that quantum physics attempts to rationally observe and interpret without success. If the cosmos is magical, then we are quantum primitives.
FOLLOW THE LINK
https://ia801504.us.archive.org/5/items/maya-ang-quantique/MAYA%20ANG%20QUANTIQUE.pdf